![]() This paper informs and improves future sustainable coastal resilience projects by learning from these past innovations, highlighting the need for integrated and robust monitoring plans for projects after implementation, and emphasizing the critical role of stakeholder engagement. The Living Breakwaters project is helping to address these uncertainties by using detailed computational and physical modeling and a variety of experimental morphologies to help facilitate learning while monitoring future performance. We also identified common challenges related to permitting and funding, which often arise as a consequence of uncertainties in performance and long-term sustainability for diverse NNBF approaches. In the Texas case study this dramatically shifted one part of the project design from a more traditional, gray approach to a more natural hybrid solution. Each project involved stakeholder engagement and incorporated feedback into the design process. All three case studies began with innovative project funding and framing that enabled expansion beyond a sole focus on flood risk reduction to include multiple functions and benefits. We synthesize findings from these case studies to report areas of progress and illustrate remaining challenges. This study examines three innovative coastal resilience projects that use NNBF approaches to improve coastal community resilience to flooding while providing a host of other benefits: 1) Living Breakwaters in New York Harbor 2) the Coastal Texas Protection and Restoration Study and 3) the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project in San Francisco Bay. Yet there remain many unknowns about how to design and implement these projects. They seek to provide communities with coastal protection from storms, erosion, and/or flooding while also providing some of the other natural benefits that restored habitats provide. While coastal restoration projects have been happening for decades, NNBF projects go above and beyond coastal restoration. Coastal engineers and managers often rely on gray infrastructure such as seawalls, levees and breakwaters, but are increasingly seeking to incorporate more sustainable natural and nature-based features (NNBF). This paper explores the modeling and design of these unique coastal engineering and ecological structures.Ĭoastal communities around the world are facing increased coastal flooding and shoreline erosion from factors such as sea-level rise and unsustainable development practices. It combines physical risk reduction through wave attenuation and erosion prevention functions with ecological enhancement and habitat creation as an integrated part of the design. The Living Breakwaters Project is a unique design of an offshore breakwater system to promote coastal resilience in Tottenville, Staten Island, New York. It was designed as a storm mitigation project in the aftermath of the devastation wrought along the Tottenville shoreline by Hurricane Sandy in 2012. It is currently in final design and permitting with construction anticipated to begin the summer of 2019. In September, the Governor’s Office of Storm Recovery announced that crews had started work on the Living Breakwaters, a series of eight enormous rock piles that are being installed off the coast of Staten Island’s Tottenville neighborhood. Living Breakwaters is a 70 million project funded by the US Department of Housing and Urban Development and a winner of HUD's Post-Sandy Rebuild by Design Challenge. Following the competition, the project was awarded $60 million by HUD (US Department of Housing and Urban Development) in June 2013. The Living Breakwaters project is a layered resilience approach to promote risk reduction, enhance ecosystems, and foster social resilience. In a statement, Kate Orff, the founder of SCAPE, said “Living Breakwaters hopefully represents a paradigm shift in how we collectively address climate risks, by focusing on regenerating waterfront communities and social systems, and enhancing threatened ecosystems.” A $100,000 grant is provided to help develop and implement the winning proposal.įor more on SCAPE’s design, and to learn about what’s next for Rebuild By Design, see AN‘s coverage of the competition.In the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy, the Rebuild by Design competition was born to encourage cross-disciplinary collaboration and resilience planning in coastal and flood protection design. The competition was launched in 2007 to honor ideas from architects, engineers, scientists, designers, activists, planners, and entrepreneurs that addresses “humanity’s most pressing problems.” ![]() First, the plan scored federal funds in the Department of Housing and Urban Development‘s Rebuild By Design competition, and now it has won the 2014 Buckminster Fuller Challenge. Living Breakwaters- SCAPE‘s proposal to protect to the South Shore of Staten Island with a reef of living oysters-has picked up another accolade.
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